愛知目標：2010-2020生物多樣性目標

生物多樣性公約第十屆締約國大會於2010年10月18日至19日於日本愛知縣名古屋舉行。檢討第六屆締約國大會時訂立的<2010生物多樣性目標>(2010 Biodiversity Targets)，發現多項目標未達預期標準。因此，訂定了更嚴格的「愛知目標」(Aichi Targets) ，重新設置新的十年目標，作為2010-2020的生物多樣性目標。
The 10th meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP 10) of Convention on Biological Diversity  was held in Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, from 18 to 29 October 2010.  The meeting reviewed "2010 Biodiversity Targets" which targeted in the 6th meeting of COP 6. Many targets did not achieve the standard. Therefore, they enacted stricter "Aichi Targets" for new decade biodiversity goal in 2010-2020. 

愛知目標一共包含5大策略目標(Strategic Goal)及20項子目標(Target)，希望各政府與非政府組織能投入更多資源，在生物多樣性的保育及永續利用。
There are 5 Strategic Goals and 20 Targets in Aichi Targets. They hoped that the governments and Non-government Groups will invest more resources in biodiversity conservation and sustainable use. 

(the Chinese words in this table are cited from "From 2010 Biodiversity Target to Aichi Target")
http://www.swan.org.tw/activity/2011/bio10/bio10_1.pdf

Strategic Goal A Address the underlying causes of biodiversity loss by mainstreaming biodiversity across government and society 策略目標A 透過將生物多樣性納入政府和社會主流，解決生物多樣性喪失的根本原因	Target 1   By 2020, at the latest, people are aware of the values of biodiversity and the steps they can take to conserve and use it sustainably. 目標1 至遲於2020年，所有人都認識到生物多樣性的價值並知道能夠採取哪些措施保育和永續利用生物多樣性
	Target 2   By 2020, at the latest, biodiversity values have been integrated into national and local development and poverty reduction strategies and planning processes and are being incorporated into national accounting, as appropriate, and reporting systems. 目標2  至遲於2020年，將生物多樣性的價值納入國家和地方發展和減貧策略及規劃過程，且納入國家財務會計報告系統
	Target 3 By 2020, at the latest, incentives, including subsidies, harmful to biodiversity are eliminated, phased out or reformed in order to minimize or avoid negative impacts, and positive incentives for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity are developed and applied, consistent and in harmony with the Convention and other relevant international obligations, taking into account national socio economic conditions. 目標3 至遲於2020年，消除、淘汰或改革為和生物多樣性的獎勵措施，包括補貼，並在顧及國家的社會經濟條件下，制定並採用有助於保育和永續利用生物多樣性的積極獎勵措施。
	Target 4 By 2020, at the latest, Governments, business and stakeholders at all levels have taken steps to achieve or have implemented plans for sustainable production and consumption and have kept the impacts of use of natural resources well within safe ecological limits. 目標4 至遲於2020年，各級政府、商業和權益關係者都以採取步驟實現永續的生產和消費，或執行了永續生產和消費的計畫，並將使用自然資源的影響控制在安全的生態限度範圍內。
Strategic Goal B Reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity and promote sustainable use 策略目標B 減輕生物多樣性的直接壓力和促進永續利用	Target 5 By 2020, the rate of loss of all natural habitats, including forests, is at least halved and where feasible brought close to zero, and degradation and fragmentation is significantly reduced. 目標5 至遲於2020年，使包括森林在內的所有自然棲地的喪失和退化以及破碎化程度至少減半，或在可行之處接近於零。
	Target 6 By 2020 all fish and invertebrate stocks and aquatic plants are managed and harvested sustainably, legally and applying ecosystem based approaches, so that overfishing is avoided, recovery plans and measures are in place for all depleted species, fisheries have no significant adverse impacts on threatened species and vulnerable ecosystems and the impacts of fisheries on stocks, species and ecosystems are within safe ecological limits. 目標6 至遲於2020年，所有魚類、無脊椎動物和水生植物等水產資源都以永續的、合法的、基於生態系作法的方式收穫和管理，以避免過漁；所有枯竭的魚種都執行了復原計畫和措施，漁撈對受威脅的魚群和脆弱生態系的影響都限於安全的生態限度內。
	Target 7 By 2020 areas under agriculture, aquaculture and forestry are managed sustainably, ensuring conservation of biodiversity. 目標7 至遲於2020年，農業、水產養殖及林業的區域都實現永續管理，確保生物多樣性得到保護。
	Target 8 By 2020, pollution, including from excess nutrients, has been brought to levels that are not detrimental to ecosystem function and biodiversity. 目標8 至遲於2020年，污染，包括優養化，被控制到不危害生態系功能和生物多樣的範圍。
	Target 9 By 2020, invasive alien species and pathways are identified and prioritized, priority species are controlled or eradicated, and measures are in place to manage pathways to prevent their introduction and establishment. 目標9 至遲於2020年，入侵外來種和其管道被鑑定、排定優先次序和控制或根除，適當措施被執行以防止進入外來物種的進入和立足。
	Target 10 By 2015, the multiple anthropogenic pressures on coral reefs, and other vulnerable ecosystems impacted by climate change or ocean acidification are minimized, so as to maintain their integrity and functioning. 目標10 到2015年，盡量減少人類對已受到氣候變遷或海洋酸化衝擊的珊瑚礁和其他脆弱生態系的多重壓力，維護他們的完整性和功能。
Strategic Goal C To improve the status of biodiversity by safeguarding ecosystems, species and genetic diversity 策略目標C 保護生態系、物種和基因多樣性以改善生物多樣性的狀況	Target 11 By 2020, at least 17 per cent of terrestrial and inland water, and 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, are conserved through effectively and equitably managed, ecologically representative and well connected systems of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures, and integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes. 目標11 到2020年，至少有17%的陸地、內陸水域和10%沿海和海洋區域，尤其是對於生物多樣性和生態系服務具有特殊重要性的區域，因有效而公平的管理，和透過生態上具代表性和妥善關聯的保護區系統和其他以地景為保育基礎的有效措施而受到保護，並納入更廣泛的土地景觀和海洋景觀系統中。
	Target 12 By 2020 the extinction of known threatened species has been prevented and their conservation status, particularly of those most in decline, has been improved and sustained. 目標12 到2020年，防止了已知瀕危物種免遭滅絕，並改善族群數量下滑最嚴重的物種的保育狀況。
	Target 13 By 2020, the genetic diversity of cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and of wild relatives, including other socio-economically as well as culturally valuable species, is maintained, and strategies have been developed and implemented for minimizing genetic erosion and safeguarding their genetic diversity. 目標13 到2020年，作物、畜養動物和其野生親緣物種，以及其他具有社會經濟文化價值的物種的基因多樣性被保護，同時制定並執行了保護基因多樣性，防止其喪失的策略。
Strategic Goal D Enhance the benefits to all from biodiversity and ecosystem services 策略目標D 提高生物多樣性和生態系帶來的惠益	Target 14 By 2020, ecosystems that provide essential services, including services related to water, and contribute to health, livelihoods and well-being, are restored and safeguarded, taking into account the needs of women, indigenous and local communities, and the poor and vulnerable. 目標14 到2020年，提供重要服務，例如水源及有助於健康、生計和福祉的生態系得到了保障和/或恢復，包括考量婦女、原住民和地方社區以及貧窮和脆弱者的需要。
	Target 15 By 2020, ecosystem resilience and the contribution of biodiversity to carbon stocks has been enhanced, through conservation and restoration, including restoration of at least 15 per cent of degraded ecosystems, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation and to combating desertification. 目標15 到2020年，透過保育和復原行動，包括復原至少15%退化的生態系，強化生態系的復原能力以及生物多樣性對碳吸存的貢獻，從而幫助減緩與調適氣候變遷及防止沙漠化。
	Target 16 By 2015, the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization is in force and operational, consistent with national legislation. 目標16 到2015年，名古屋獲取和惠益分享議定書與國家立法一致，並已有效運作。
Strategic Goal E Enhance implementation through participatory planning, knowledge management and capacity building 策略目標E 透過參與姓規劃、知識管理和能力建設強化執行工作	Target 17 By 2015 each Party has developed, adopted as a policy instrument, and has commenced implementing an effective, participatory and updated national biodiversity strategy and action plan. 目標17 到2015年，各國以擬定、通過政策工具和執行了有效、參與性和修正的國家生物多樣性和策略行動計畫。
	Target 18 By 2020, the traditional knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, and their customary use of biological resources, are respected, subject to national legislation and relevant international obligations, and fully integrated and reflected in the implementation of the Convention with the full and effective participation of indigenous and local communities, at all relevant levels. 目標18 到2020年，在原住民和地方社區的有效參與下，其與生物多樣性保育、永續利用，和習慣使用自然資源方式相關的傳統知識、創新和作法，受到尊重，並獲得國家法規與國際規範的保護。
	Target 19 By 2020, knowledge, the science base and technologies relating to biodiversity, its values, functioning, status and trends, and the consequences of its loss, are improved, widely shared and transferred, and applied. 目標19 到2020年，與生物多樣性、其價值和功能，其狀況和趨勢以及其喪失可能帶來的後果有關的知識、科學基礎和技術已經提昇、廣泛分享和移轉及使用。
	Target 20 By 2020, at the latest, the mobilization of financial resources for effectively implementing the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 from all sources, and in accordance with the consolidated and agreed process in the Strategy for Resource Mobilization, should increase substantially from the current levels. This target will be subject to changes contingent to resource needs assessments to be developed and reported by Parties. 目標20 至遲於2020年，有效執行2011-2020策略計畫的資金顯著增加